Definition of Internet of things
The Internet of things is a network that connects any object with the Internet for information exchange and communication through information sensing equipment such as radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared sensor, global positioning system, laser scanner and gas sensor according to the agreed protocol, so as to realize intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management.
Applications of IoT in agriculture
The application of the Internet of things in agricultural development has formed the Agricultural Internet of things system. The development of the Agricultural Internet of things industry provides unprecedented opportunities for the realization of agricultural informatization, industrialization and modernization. At the same time, the development of agriculture also provides a broad application platform for the development of the Agricultural Internet of things.
IoT in farming is widely used in greenhouse vegetable planting. The technology of the Agricultural Internet of things can be applied from the planting preparation stage, planting and growth stage and vegetable harvest stage.
1. In the stage of planting preparation.
We can arrange many IoT agriculture sensors in the greenhouse to collect the environmental factors in the greenhouse in real time, including air temperature, air humidity, gallon pots soil temperature, nursery pots soil moisture, light intensity and other data information and video image information, and then transmit them to the facility through GPRS network. Select the appropriate vegetable species, and automatically alarm the environmental conditions that are not suitable for crop growth, so as to provide help for subsequent treatment.
2. In the stage of planting and growth.
The technical means of the Internet of things can be used to collect the information of temperature and humidity for efficient management, so as to deal with the change of environment. By establishing the occurrence model of plant diseases and insect pests in the facility clothing industry and using the intelligent algorithms, the prediction of plant diseases and insect pests can be realized, and targeted prevention and control guidance can be carried out.
The remote facility control system can realize the remote control of heaters, film rolling machines, ventilators, drip irrigation and other equipment, so as to realize the remote manual or automatic control of agricultural facilities, improve efficiency and save labor.
The management of greenhouse vegetables can be dynamically monitored through the accumulation of appropriate time for vegetable growth, the accumulation of appropriate time for pests and diseases, and the tracking status of production activities. It can also realize timely communication and feedback of information through the convenient interaction between facilities and greenhouse vegetable growth information platform.
In case of disastrous weather, such as low temperature weather, the Agricultural Internet of things has two applications. On the one hand, it sends early warnings to growers through mobile phone SMS; On the other hand, the heating facilities are operated through remote intelligent control to increase the temperature and resolve the adverse factors caused by low temperature.
3. In the harvest stage of agricultural products.
We can also use the information of the Internet of things to collect and feed back various performances in the transmission stage and use the stage to the front end, so as to make more accurate calculations in the vegetable harvest stage. At the same time, the Agricultural Internet of things is used to extend the greenhouse vegetable industry chain, guide the deep processing of vegetables, improve the added value of vegetables, and connect the integrated operation chain of production, supply and marketing.
In the small environment of a greenhouse, each greenhouse can become a measurement and control area of the wireless sensor network. Using agricultural Internet of things technology, different smart agriculture sensors nodes and nodes with simple actuators are used to form a wireless network to realize the comprehensive measurement and control of greenhouse vegetables.
Such as measuring greenhouse pots soil humidity, soil composition, pH value, precipitation, temperature, air humidity and air pressure, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration and so on to obtain the best conditions for the growth of greenhouse vegetables. Through model analysis, automatic regulation of greenhouse environment, control of irrigation and fertilization, and release of early warning information, the intensive and networked remote management of greenhouse can be realized.
IoT in agriculture examples
The application of the Agricultural Internet of things in agriculture is not only the necessity of the development of modern agricultural science and technology, but also the embodiment of precision agriculture. The application of IoT technology in agriculture production can not only provide huge economic benefits for agricultural production, but also enhance the technical force of agricultural production.
It is a sustainable development project. The application of Agricultural Internet of things technology can not only increase the yield of vegetables, but also improve the quality and adjust the growth cycle, so as to improve economic benefits and increase the income of vegetable farmers.
Tomatoes are rich in vitamins A, C and D, which can produce saliva and quench thirst, appetizers and eliminate food, reduce blood pressure and fat. They have high nutritional value. Burning tomatoes and other vegetables together can stimulate appetite and help digestion.
Due to the low temperature in spring, greenhouse tomatoes are prone to gray mold, leaf mold, bacterial ulcer and other diseases, and the occurrence of these diseases obviously seriously affects the growth of greenhouse tomatoes. If growers use chemical agents to remove the diseases, the fruit quality of tomatoes will be reduced.
In order to ensure the quality and yield of tomatoes, the smart agriculture system is applied to the greenhouse tomato management, which makes the tomatoes planted in the greenhouse grow well, which can save a lot of water and fertilizer and improve the efficiency of land use. In addition, tomatoes are planted in an efficient and intelligent greenhouse. Growers can comprehensively control various indicators of their growth environment, achieve accurate control and adjustment, and then improve production efficiency.
Smart farming using IoT
It is reported that in tomato plantations, the application of a smart agriculture system has realized dynamic monitoring of crop growth and artificial remote precision field management. We all know that in agricultural production, smart agriculture using IoT can collect the environmental data during the growth of greenhouse crops in real time and conduct intelligent management.
Similarly, in tomato plantations, the smart agriculture system can also regulate the temperature and humidity, carbon dioxide concentration and light intensity of the cultivation base according to the requirements of fruit tree growth. No matter in which field of agricultural production, smart agriculture can always appear in front of us in time and help us simplify complex agricultural operations.
Before using the system, the annual output of tomatoes is generally about 10000 kg per mu. After using the system, the annual output of tomatoes can reach 20000 to 30000 kg per mu in an efficient and intelligent greenhouse. In addition, in the prevention and control of tomato diseases, the use of pesticides is reduced and the pollution to the agricultural environment is reduced.
In addition, through the improvement of the degree of automation, the automation technology level of production and picking is also improved, the labor cost is reduced and the production efficiency is improved.
The most important embodiment is that the use of the Agricultural Internet of things optimizes the growth environment of crops through accurate control, and can create the best environment suitable for crop growth, so as to greatly improve the quality of crops. The management level has also been greatly improved, which greatly shortens the time to deal with equal tasks and reduces the time cost.
It is believed that the application of the Agricultural Internet of things in agriculture will be the mainstream of the times. If we are worried that we will not operate the equipment and do not use it because we do not know much about electronic knowledge, it will be the biggest loss to agricultural production. And now Agricultural Internet of things enterprises can enter the field farm for on-site teaching, so there is no need to worry about this problem.
Application of IoT in water and fertilizer integration
Water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation systems can help producers easily realize automatic water and fertilizer integrated management. The system consists of an upper computer software system, regional control cabinet, shunt controller, transmitter and data acquisition terminal. Through the organic combination with the water supply system, intelligent control is realized. It can realize intelligent monitoring and control of water supply time, fertilization concentration and water supply in irrigation.
The transmitter (soil moisture transmitter, flow transmitter, etc.) will monitor the irrigation status in real time. When the soil humidity in the irrigation area reaches the preset lower limit, the solenoid valve can be opened automatically. When the monitored soil moisture content and liquid level reach the preset irrigation quota, the solenoid valve system can be closed automatically. The solenoid valve of the whole irrigation area can be scheduled to work in turn according to the time period, and the irrigation and moisture collection can be controlled manually.
The whole lot farming system can coordinate the work, implement rotation irrigation, fully improve the efficiency of irrigation water, save water and electricity, reduce labor intensity and reduce labor input cost. The user controls by operating the touch screen. It is specially used in multi span greenhouse, solar greenhouse Greenhouse and field planting irrigation operations.
The controller will automatically control the important parameters in the water and fertilizer process such as irrigation amount, fertilizer absorption amount, fertilizer solution concentration and pH according to the formula and irrigation process parameters set by the user, so as to realize the timing and quantitative control of irrigation and fertilization, save water and fertilizer, save labor and time, and improve the output.
Functions of Agricultural Internet of things system:
1. Water consumption control and management.
Realize two-level water consumption measurement, take the outlet flow monitoring as the measurement of the total water consumption in the area, collect data through the pressure sensor of each branch pipe, and calculate the round irrigation water volume of each branch pipe in real time, which is combined with the automatic control function of the valve to realize the water consumption measurement of each valve control unit. At the same time, the flow control is introduced into the water pump. When the total water consumption exceeds, the water consumption in the area will be limited through remote control.
2. Real time monitoring of operation status.
Through water level and video monitoring, the water source condition of the drip irrigation system can be monitored in real time and water shortage warning can be issued in time. By monitoring the current and voltage of the water pump, the pressure and flow at the water outlet, and the flow and pressure of the sub main pipe of the pipe network, we can timely find out the unreasonable irrigation events such as pipe explosion, water leakage and low-pressure operation of the drip irrigation system, and timely notify the system maintenance personnel to ensure the efficient operation of the drip irrigation system.
3. Automatic valve control function.
Through the real-time monitoring of farmland soil moisture information, microclimate information and crop growth information, wireless or wired technology is adopted to realize the remote opening and closing of valves and regular round irrigation. According to the collected information, combined with the water demand of local crops and the situation of irrigation rotation, the automatic opening of water pumps and valves is formulated to realize unattended automatic irrigation, piecewise control and prevent human misoperation.
4. Operation and maintenance management function.
Including system maintenance, condition monitoring and on-site management of system operation. Realize the remote decision-making management of regional water consumption measurement management, drought and irrigation prediction expert decision-making, information release and other functions.
Carry out statistics and cost accounting on water use, power consumption, irrigation volume, maintenance and material consumption, generate regular maintenance plans for irrigation facilities and equipment, record maintenance conditions, and realize fine maintenance and operation management of irrigation projects.
The automatic control system of water-saving irrigation can give full play to the role of existing water-saving equipment, optimize dispatching and improve benefits. Through the application of automatic control technology, it can save water and energy, reduce irrigation cost and improve irrigation quality, which will make irrigation more scientific and convenient and improve management level.
5. Mobile terminal app.
It is convenient for managers to view system information anytime and anywhere and remotely operate relevant devices through mobile phones and other mobile terminal devices.
Therefore, fundamentally speaking, the smart agriculture system plays three main roles in agricultural production: perception, transmission and control. The use of smart agriculture technology can monitor the irrigation of crops, the change of soil and air, the environmental conditions of livestock and poultry, and the detection of the large-area surfaces.
At the same time, through the collection of various key indicators affecting crop production, it can scientifically predict disasters and improve the comprehensive benefits of agriculture. For example, temperature, humidity, wind force, rainfall, expanded perlite or soil organic matter, pH value, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other values will be recorded.
Therefore, not only the development of the tomato industry is inseparable from the smart agricultural system, but also many other industries are inseparable from the smart agricultural system. The application of the Agricultural Internet of things in the field of agriculture allows farmers to see the benefits brought by the use of advanced technology, and will also be able to actively choose an intelligent system suitable for their own agricultural production, which will help to improve the output of agricultural products and increase farmers' income.
