Now many people will choose to growing citrus in pots, because it looks very beautiful. It's very pleasant to put a small citrus tree in their home. However, when choosing citrus trees, we must understand the correct varieties, and we also need to choose citrus tree pots, which is very important. Many people also want to know how to planting citrus trees in pots? What are the requirements? Let's have a look!
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Most people prefer to planting citrus in pots at home. Citrus can be said to be a particularly important fruit variety. Its fruit is very delicious. Both the elderly and children like it very much. To growing citrus trees in pots, we need to start with the preparation of citrus planters soil, control of watering, control of fertilization and control of light. The citrus pots soil should be loose, fertile and acidic. The watering should be appropriate without ponding. The fertilizer for citrus trees in pots should be applied a small amount for many times to ensure sufficient light and prune in time.
1. Citrus tree growth environment
Citrus trees belong to southern fruit trees and are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas. Therefore, citrus trees like higher temperature. The suitable temperature for their growth is 12 ℃ to 37 ℃, and the average sunshine is 4 ~ 6 hours per day. However, temperature not the higher the better. When the temperature exceeds 37 degrees, the citrus trees will basically stop growing, so special attention should be paid.
Citrus trees need plenty of light, so put the citrus tree pots in a sunny place and pay attention to ventilation. If the citrus tree is kept in a dark environment for a long time, the growth of the plant will not be good, and the overall growth rate of the citrus tree will be very slow. Therefore, it is best to put the citrus trees in pots on the balcony and other places, and properly trim the branches and leaves to ensure the light transmission and light receiving area of the citrus tree crown.
Citrus trees have particularly high requirements for light. Whether the sunshine hours are sufficient has a great impact on the taste of citrus. If the potted citrus tree lacks sunshine, the citrus will be more sour. Generally speaking, if the annual sunshine time of citrus trees is between 1200 and 2200 hours, it is better.
Therefore, in winter, we should pay attention to heat preservation for citrus trees. Citrus plants generally like temperature. The annual average temperature suitable for growth is 15 ℃ - 18 ℃, and the minimum cold resistant temperature is - 5 ℃, but they cannot be exposed to such low temperature for a long time. Therefore, patio citrus trees must pay attention to heat preservation in winter.
2. Select citrus tree pots
When growing citrus in containers, you need to choose a suitable citrus tree planter. Generally, citrus trees are relatively large, so try to choose a slightly larger citrus tree pots and understand the permeability of the citrus pots, because if the citrus planters can have good permeability, you can make the citrus seedlings grow better and have enough water, because the citrus seedlings like the humid growth environment.
When choosing best pots for citrus trees, we must choose high-quality citrus tree pots, because citrus trees will grow slowly over time, and the root system will grow gradually. If the citrus planters are not strong enough, it will limit the growth of citrus trees. In this way, citrus trees are not particularly good. Therefore, we must choose strong and durable planter for citrus tree.
Due to the large crown of citrus trees and many results, the large pots for citrus trees must have drainage holes in order to drain the excess water in time and prevent ponding and rotten roots. In this way, the large pot for citrus tree can not only meet the requirements of citrus tree growth, but also be beautiful and firm. Citrus trees do not have strict requirements for citrus plant pot soil, but potted citrus trees should reasonably allocate citrus tree pots soil.
Citrus tree pots are selected according to the size of citrus seedlings and the strength of plant growth. 1 gallon pots are used for young seedlings, 5 gallon pots are used for strong seedlings or grafted seedlings for more than half a year, and 15 gallon pots are used for seedlings for more than two years. In most cases, the smaller plastic plant pots are used first, and those who want to cultivate the tree crown are transferred to the large citrus tree pots year by year.
3. Citrus tree soil preparation
Citrus trees should choose the appropriate citrus tree pots soil. Citrus trees like acidic soil, so they should choose acidic citrus planters soil for planting. Citrus soil is ph6.0~6.5 is the most suitable, and the pH should be adjusted in alkaline land area. When measuring pH, put a small amount of citrus pots culture soil into a clean glass cup, pour neutral distilled water in a proportion twice that of citrus potting soil, mix it fully, and test it with litmus test paper (available in pharmacies or reagent stores).
Strong blue indicates high pH value (alkaline), and strong red indicates low pH value, which is acidic. If the blue test paper does not change color, it indicates neutrality or above pH7. If the red test paper does not change color, it indicates neutrality. If it changes peach red, it indicates weak acid, bright red indicates acid, and dark red indicates strong acid. The pH value can also be determined by the colorimetric plate.
Alkaline citrus tree planter soil can be corrected with sulfur and sulfur powder to increase rotten leaves (or peat) or a large amount of organic matter. The effect is good and practical. If the citrus pots soil is too acid, you can add hydrated lime to make it charming. Generally, 100g (0.1kg) of hydrated lime can be added to 0.1m3 of pot soil.
Citrus tree is a kind of plant with certain requirements for growth matrix. The citrus tree pots soil should have loose and porous structure, good drainage and air permeability, certain basic fertility and acidic properties. Therefore, the soil for citrus trees in pots should be mixed with perlite, vermiculite, humus soil, garden soil and sandy soil to meet the needs of Citrus tree plants.
The proportion of commonly used citrus tree potting soil: 1 part of perlite and vermiculite, 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of sapropel organic fertilizer, 0.5 part of river sand and 0.5 part of grass ash. After mixing the soil for citrus trees in containers, mix it into fine pieces, expose it in a transparent plastic bag for a week, disinfect it in the sun for a week, and turn over frequently.
In fact, the method of planting citrus trees in plastic growers pots is the same as that in orchards, which requires a lot of fertilizer, but we must mix the citrus plant soil with some corresponding fertilizer, so as to provide a better growth foundation for potted citrus tree.
4. Planting time of citrus trees
When the soil of the citrus tree pots is ready, it can be planted. Place 1:2 thick crushed slag, gravel or sand at the bottom of the citrus planters for drainage and root canal ventilation. Before repotting citrus trees, apply best fertilizer for citrus trees in containers in the plastic terracotta pots, and the roots of citrus seedlings do not contact the base fertilizer, so as to avoid the death of affected roots and seedlings.
Add a small amount of citrus tree planter soil and place the seedlings in the center of the citrus pots to stretch the roots and try not to bend the roots. It is more suitable to plant citrus in fabric grow bags. It is generally in March. This time period of spring is the time when everything recovers. In the growth period, spring and summer, we must pay attention to the amount of watering to keep the citrus tree pots soil moist without ponding.
After the citrus tree has set fruit, pay attention to reduce the amount of watering to avoid ponding in the citrus planters and fruit loss. Increasing the light time can make the citrus tree more robust. Growing potted citrus trees on the balcony terrace can blossom and fruit every year. When it blooms, it will be fragrant, ten miles fragrant, and the fruit will be beautiful, beautiful and festive.
When transplanting citrus planters, they should be soaked first. In the early stage of seedling stage, a certain amount of root fixing soil should be retained to reduce roots and retain certain lateral roots, which is conducive to absorption.
Slowly add the citrus tree planter soil, constantly lift the root, cover the citrus pots soil to the root neck, and gently compact it by hand to make the citrus planters soil closely connected with the root, so that the surface of the citrus tree pots soil is smooth and permeable. Two days after planting citrus trees, the citrus tree planter soil shall be supported by a support rod to prevent the movement of wind-driven seedlings from hindering the growth of new roots and keep the citrus tree pots soil moist.
Citrus trees can be propagated by sowing. The selection of good quality seeds is also of great help to the yield of citrus trees in the future. In addition, when choosing the planting site of citrus trees, we should pay a little attention to whether some nutrients and drainage are good. It is best to mix base fertilizer into the citrus tree pots. After sowing, the citrus planters needs to be watered thoroughly.
5. Transplanting citrus trees in containers
Generally, after the new shoots of citrus trees turn green in spring, summer and autumn, that is, before and after the new shoots stop growing, they are suitable for transplanting into the citrus tree pots. At this time, the growth of citrus trees is in a relatively static state, with more stored nutrients. After transplanting into the citrus planters, they have good roots and are easy to survive and grow.
The specific period should be determined according to the situation of citrus seedlings, climatic conditions and potting purpose. The grafted seedlings of citrus trees can form and bear fruit at 10~15 cm of the new shoots after grafting, and can be put into citrus pots for viewing. Most of the rootstocks and seedlings of citrus trees are put into the citrus tree planter when the temperature is slightly lower in autumn.
The root system has begun to grow in the second year of grafting, and can grow rapidly after grafting survival. Around the Qingming Festival, there are many rainy days and the temperature is also appropriate. At this time, repotting a citrus tree into the citrus tree pots have less water transpiration and good water retention, which is conducive to survival and growth.
It can also be moved into the citrus tree pots in early summer (between June and July), and the flower can be promoted after the growth is restored. The new pots for dwarf citrus trees should be soaked in water for one to two days in advance to avoid the citrus trees withering due to drying after being moved into the citrus planters. At the same time, some new citrus tree planter often contain alkali, which is unfavorable to the growth of citrus trees. Soak in water to wash away the alkali.
The old tree planter pot shall be washed and disinfected and kept clean to avoid the obstruction of ventilation due to the growth of moss outside the citrus tree pots, and to prevent the breeding of other bacteria and pests. The old citrus planters can be washed with plant ash water, or the newly cleaned wet citrus tree planter can be soaked with 1% sulfuric acid solution for 24 hours and then soaked in clean water for 48 hours. After being moved into the citrus tree pots, it should not be placed directly on the ground to avoid blocking the bottom hole. It should be padded with bricks or stones or inverted buckle empty citrus planters.
6. Best fertilizer for citrus trees in containers
When planting potted citrus, we need to fertilizing citrus trees in pots correctly. When the seedlings just emerge in spring, we need to apply fertilizer every 7 days or so. At this time, try to choose liquid fertilizer, and fertilize every half a month after the citrus tree blooms. The citrus tree pots should be sprinkled with a thin layer of fertilizer. After the citrus fruit grows, it needs to be fertilized every 10 days.
If the fruit is fully formed, you need to choose compound fertilizer at this time, which may make the fruit develop faster and ensure that the taste of the fruit is more sour and sweet. Citrus tree is a kind of fertilizer loving plant. Therefore, it is necessary to apply fertilizer for potted citrus trees thinly but moderately, and add enough base fertilizer to the citrus tree soil mix before planting.
The growth period of citrus trees is dominated by organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, while the flowering and fruiting period of citrus trees is changed to the use of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, but raw fertilizer or concentrated fertilizer cannot be used. Choose best fertilizer for potted citrus trees such as compost can be used if conditions permit. For potted citrus trees, due to the limitation of citrus planters, the nutrient supply is very limited, and more thin fertilizer should be applied at ordinary times.
The citrus plant is applied with rotten liquid fertilizer before germination, and then the liquid fertilizer dominated by nitrogen fertilizer every 7 ~ 10 days to promote the citrus tree to grow branches and leaves and spring shoots. The citrus tree should be fertilized in time after picking the heart every time to promote the branches to mature early.
During the growth of citrus trees, some cake fertilizer can be sprinkled on the citrus tree pots, so that some fertilizer seeps into the soil every time, so as to enhance the fertility. After autumn, fertilization is reduced to avoid excessive nutrition of citrus plants, promote autumn shoots, and compete with fruits for nutrients, resulting in fruit drop. During the growth of citrus seedlings, it is necessary to apply available fertilizers, such as dry cake water, human and animal manure water, fishy water, etc.
The concentration should be diluted first and then gradually thickened. Apply fertilizer from mid May to mid June; From July to September, thin fertilizer should be applied frequently and combined with drought resistant irrigation, which is conducive to the growth of citrus seedlings. Fertilization should be stopped at the beginning of October to prevent late autumn seedlings.
The flowering period of citrus trees is generally not suitable for fertilizer, especially outside the topdressing of Citrus roots, which is easy to affect pollination and flower falling. After the citrus trees wither, apply Rot Fungus Fertilizer in time, and spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 0.5% urea on the leaves. Especially from late May to early June, often apply thin fertilizer, otherwise the citrus trees are prone to a large number of physiological fruit drop, or even all fruit drop.
7. Watering citrus trees in pots
As we all know, when growing citrus in pots, we need to choose a humid environment for planting, so as to ensure the smooth completion of citrus cultivation. In addition, we must water regularly during feeding citrus trees in pots, and we can control watering once in 3 ~ 4 days in spring. If in summer, the citrus tree needs to be watered once a day, which may make the citrus seedlings grow faster, and there must be no ponding during watering, otherwise the root system will rot. if we can ensure that the soil of the citrus tree pots is wet, it is enough.
When watering citrus trees, follow the principle of seeing the dry and seeing the wet. Water the citrus trees enough and thoroughly, but do not leave ponding. Water the citrus trees at ordinary times to keep the soil in the citrus planters slightly wet. Water more water and spray water properly in summer, and control the water properly in winter to prevent the citrus trees from freezing and dying. If the citrus soil is dry, it should be watered in time and thoroughly at one time.
Citrus trees are tolerant of fertilizer and like water, but the management of water and fertilizer in flowering and fruit stage is special, and there is a "dry and wet" theory. The so-called "dry" refers to that when the surface soil of the citrus tree planter is dry to albino, so as to keep the soil of the citrus pots in a semi humid state. Excessive or lack of water will lead to plant falling flowers. The so-called "wet" means that the water supply during the production period of citrus trees should be timely and must be watered. The citrus tree pots soil needs to be kept wet, otherwise it will lead to the loss of fruits.
8. Pruning citrus trees in pots
For potted citrus, pruning is an important link, which is generally carried out from March to early April every year, because pruning is necessary to maintain the compact plant type of potted citrus tree. Moreover, if the citrus branches and leaves are too dense, it is easy to cause diseases and insect pests and consume plant nutrition. Therefore, the bare branches, overlapping branches and dead branches of citrus trees should be trimmed.
Citrus trees generally sprout flower buds at the top of branches, so when pruning, pay attention not to over prune and leave some branches. Potted citrus trees have small citrus tree pots, less soil and limited nutrition. Necessary pruning should be done to adjust the rational distribution of nutrition in the tree through plastic pruning, so that the limited nutrients can be supplied to the buds and leaves of citrus trees, forming more fruiting branches, so as to achieve full branches of flowers and fruits.
In order to ensure the fruit setting rate and good fruit rate of citrus trees, we also need to pick fruits. We can't retain too many fruits. It is generally carried out after the citrus trees bloom, probably from late July to late August. Too many fruits in citrus trees will not only affect the taste of mature fruits in that year, but also lead to a sharp decrease in the number of fruits in the second year.
Therefore, if too many fruits are found, appropriate thinning should be carried out. Some scarred and too small fruits should also be removed. The number of fruits picked by citrus trees can be based on the standard of leaf fruit ratio of 25:1, that is, leave one fruit for every 25 leaves. Finally, you can harvest full and sweet oranges, and you don't have to worry about affecting the results of the second year.
9. Change citrus tree pots
In order to cultivate a larger crown, citrus trees need to be transferred from smaller citrus planters to larger citrus pots, which is called pot changing. Generally, the citrus tree planter needs to be changed once every three years, probably from March to early April, or if a root comes out from the bottom of the citrus tree pots, it needs to be changed. Of course, if you don't want to change the citrus planters, you can add new soil to the citrus tree pots.
According to the size of the citrus tree, select a round citrus planters with appropriate size. The mouth of the citrus tree pots should be larger, which is convenient for fertilizing and loosening the soil for the citrus tree in the future. Moreover, the air permeability and water permeability of the citrus tree planter should be better to ensure the oxygen demand for the growth of the root system of the citrus tree.
Before changing the citrus pots, make the terracotta citrus pot mud slightly dry and avoid watering, so as to prevent the mud from scattering and root breaking. There are two ways to change best planter for citrus tree:
1. Replace small citrus terracotta pots with large citrus planters.
Use the thumb of your right hand to push upward at the bottom hole of the citrus tree pots, clamp the plant cadre with your left hand, and take out the citrus tree from the 2 gallon pot without removing the old soil. Replace it into a 3 gallon pot one size larger than the original. Lay crushed stones on the bottom of the citrus tree planter as a drainage layer, then put the tree, fill it with soil and compact it.
2. Replace the original citrus pots.
Use a knife to strip about 3cm of old soil along the side, cut off the exposed roots, plant them back, and fill the citrus planters with new potting mix for citrus trees. The bottom of the citrus tree pots needs to be padded with something hard to prevent the hole of the citrus tree planter from sticking to the brick, otherwise the hole will be blocked when watering. This is conducive to adequate respiration in the roots of citrus trees, so as to promote the normal growth of citrus trees.
It also prevents some diseases and pests from entering the soil from the water outlet of the citrus pots, which will cause certain harm to the citrus tree. In fact, it is very easy to plant potted citrus trees at home. Select the planting pots, configure best potting mix for citrus trees, plant at the time suitable for citrus growth, choose the cultivation method, and manage it in daily life. Planting and caring for citrus trees in pots is so simple.
Through the above introduction, you should have a very comprehensive understanding of the planting methods of potted citrus. If you like planting potted citrus very much, you can plant it step by step according to the above steps, which can ensure that the citrus seedlings can grow healthily, grow more lushly, and become a very beautiful scenic spot at home.
